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13098. THE BRAER OIL TANKER SPILL (1993). How the public, local government and international community responded to this crisis near the Shetland Islands. Focuses on the defensive stance taken by the ship management company in dealing with the problem. Discusses criticisms of the shipping industry's efforts to cut costs, and concludes by noting that industry-wide improvements in safety have been made since then. 16 pages, 52 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources.
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$112
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13097. BUSINESS MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL CRISIS: THE CASE OF THE AMOCO CADIZ. The paper provides a summary of the wreck of the oil tanker Amoco Cadiz off the coast of Brittany, France in March 1978. By analyzing the background and overview of the company, the environmental dimensions of the crisis, and the overall outcomes for the various parties involved, the paper explores what should be the response of a business when it becomes involved in an environmental crisis. 17 pages, 38 footnotes, 23 bibliographic sources.
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$119
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13096. DIPLOMACY AS AN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS. Describes diplomacy as a form of "management," in which negotiations play a vital role. Argues that diplomats need to be adaptable to their current place and time, but they also need to make use of the accumulated experience and techniques of the diplomatic tradition. 10 pages, 37 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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13033. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT, 1995-1998. This report examines the status of strategic management in the mid- to late-1990s (1995-1998). Based on a review of scholarly literature published in this field during the period 1995-1998, the analysis provides a current definition of strategic management; discusses current trends in strategic management theory and application; considers the interface between contemporary strategic management and some of the more popular management concepts of the 1990s, notably "empowerment"; and provides examples of the application of contemporary strategic management theory in real-world organizations. 18 pages, 101 footnotes, 37 bibliographic sources.
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$126
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13024. TQM IMPLEMENTATION IN HOSPITALS: SUCCESS OR FAILURE? This report examines the implementation of total quality management (TQM, often used interchangeably with the term continuous quality improvement or CQI within the hospital setting) in hospitals. Following an overview of the origin and principles behind total quality management (with a focus on the Deming model) as it evolved within industries outside of the healthcare setting and a brief history of TQM's evolution within the hospital setting, the report presents a review and analysis of the literature on the successes and failures of TQM implementation in the hospital setting. Another section of the report presents a comparative assessment of TQM in other industries and a discussion of its general "goodness of fit" with hospitals and the current health care environment. A concluding section summarizes the major findings of the review, draws conclusions about the future of TQM in hospitals, and makes recommendations for further investigation. 37 pages, 115 footnotes, 43 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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13013. CORPORATE & POLITICAL STRUCTURE & THE ASIAN ECONOMIC CRISIS. Using World Bank president James Wolfensohn's recent comment that the Asian economic crisis revealed that "political, financial and corporate structures were not well suited to cope with the demands of an increasingly globalized economy" as a stimulus for discussion and analysis, this report takes a retrospective and look at the Asian economic crisis. Following an overview of the crisis (its chronology and central features), the analysis considers in greater detail the causes of the crisis and the relative contribution to the crisis made by the factors cited by Wolfensohn and other analysts. The concluding section looks at the prospects for recovery in the troubled Asian economies, and considers the political, corporate, cultural, and economic transformations which must be completed in order to achieve a renewal of the "Asian miracle." 22 pages, 43 footnotes, 29 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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12635. OUTSOURCING AT BRITISH AIRWAYS. This paper examines outsourcing in British Airways. The analysis considers the opportunities and risks presented by BA's outsourcing strategies within the context of outsourcing in the airline industry in general and with a close focus on its implication for BA's human resources management functions and objectives. The first section provides an overview of British Airways and its outsourcing strategy, while the second section takes a broader perspective, looking at BA's strategies within the context of outsourcing in the air transport industry. Discusses specific outsourcing moves in maintenance, repair and overhaul; short-haul routes; baggage handling; catering; engineering; and other functions. Examines the summer of 1997 cabin crew strike as a reaction to the company's outsourcing strategies. 11 pages, 59 footnotes, 39 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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12634. A FIVE FORCES STRATEGIC ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE INDUSTRY. This investigation uses Porter's five forces model to provide a comprehensive strategic overview of the international airline industry. Taking into consideration key factors in the industry's political, economic, social and technological environment, industry strategy is analyzed in terms of competitor rivalry, threat of new entrants, threat of substitute products, influence of buyer power, and influence of supplier power. 12 pages, 71 footnotes, 40 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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12633. CULTURE AND INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT: THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK. This investigation presents an overview of the interaction between culture and management around the globe. In addition to defining culture and identifying some of the major culturally-bound variables of management style, the analysis considers some of the main approaches - and the problems therein - to studying culture in comparative management. KEYWORDS: globalization culture management international managers cultural factors global business. APA Style. 10 pages, 41 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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12632. P.E.S.T. ANALYSIS OF THE INTERNATIONAL AIRLINE INDUSTRY. This paper analyzes and profiles the factors in the external environment impacting competitors' performance in the global airline industry. While the analysis considers the general impact of these environmental factors on all major competitors, for illustrative purposes, the investigation takes a closer look at the impact on one major international airline competitor, British Airways (BA). Through the use of a PEST analysis, the key political, economic, social, and technological factors and trends influencing strategic position are examined. KEYWORDS: international airline industry competitive analysis pest. APA Style. 20 pages, 112 footnotes, 87 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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12631. STRATEGIC ADJUSTMENT IN THE U.S. FAST FOOD INDUSTRY. This paper explores the structural transformations in the domestic fast food industry and analyzes competitor's responses to these changes and new challenges. Following a brief theoretical background discussion of strategic management theory predictions concerning industry transformations and competitor responses, the major trends and adjustments in the U.S. fast food industry are profiled. The concluding sections of the paper then examine major competitor strategic responses, focusing on the responses of four top competitors: McDonald's, Burger King, Pizza Hut, and KFC. KEYWORDS: fast food restaurant industry united states competition competitive strategies marketing strategy. 19 pages, 143 footnotes, 61 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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12615. IN-GROUP VS. OUT-GROUP DISTINCTIONS IN COLLECTIVIST CULTURES. Implications for International Business. This paper provides a close focus on Hofstede's (1991) observation that "the distinction between in-group and out-groups which is so essential in the collectivist culture pattern has far-reaching consequences for business relationships, beyond those between employers and employees" (p. 66). Following an overview of Hofstede's (1991) individualist-collectivist dimension of culture and a more detailed discussion of its implications for the in-group versus out-group distinction, the analysis examines the consequences of the collectivist cultures' treatment of in- and out-groups for international business relationships, looking specifically at its impact on inter- and extra-firm negotiations, organizational structures, and HRM (human resources management) structures and processes. 15 pages, 51 footnotes, 24 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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12614. LONG-TERM COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE IN AN ERA OF GLOBABLIZATION. This essay analyzes Alfred Chandler's views (as expressed in his 1990 book, Scale and Scope) on managerial enterprise and international comparative advantage with a view towards assessing its relevance and validity for contemporary economic, market, and organizational structures. Considers whether Chandler's views on managerial enterprise rely too heavily on the U.S. ideal to adequately explain the long-term comparative success of nations and their industries. Argues that while Chandler's (1990) historical analysis provides an excellent explanation of the rise of the modern industrial organization and the factors of comparative success from the emergence of the organization in the late 19th century up until World War II, changes in the global economic structure and concomitant profound shifts in the international competitive environment render much of Chandler's analysis inapplicable to an understanding of contemporary factors in comparative success. 14p 26f. 11b...
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$98
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12421. THE CULTURAL NATURE OF GLOBAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT. Summarizes, synthesizes, and critiques six (1996-97) articles (including four research articles) relating to the cultural imperatives of global human resource management. The topic is investigated through three main sub-themes: 1) expatriate adjustment; 2) culture and management; and 3) culture and work-related values. 11 pages, 12 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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12400. COMMERCIAL ONLINE SERVICES: AMERICAN ONLINE (AOL) VERSUS THE MICROSOFT NETWORK (MSN). A marketing analysis of the number one and number three commercial online service/Internet service providers. Provides a comparative assessment and analysis of each firms' marketing objectives, goals, pricing strategy, advertising and promotional strategy, and unique selling points. Considers the major strengths and weaknesses of each service and makes recommendations for improvement. Includes AOL vs. MSN summary comparison chart. 21 pages, 49 footnotes, 38 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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12390. JOB OWNERSHIP. This paper explores the topic of job ownership and its implications for corporate social responsibility, the employment contract, and theories of social justice. In considering whether job ownership should be vested in the company or in the employee, the essay argues that neither exclusive employee job ownership is morally acceptable. Drawing an analogy with property rights in common law, argues that job ownership should be shared between the company and the employee within the context of the employer-employee relationship. 10 pages, 11 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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12389. WHY CHANGE IS NOT WORKING IN MOST ORGANIZATIONS. This paper reviews the key points and examines the validity of a recent article by the National Underwriter Life & Health company which explores the reasons behind the failure of organizational change efforts. Considers how to apply the information from the perspective of an internal management consultant. 5 pages, 15 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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12388. EMPLOYEE ORIENTATION. This paper provides a review, overview and interpretation of the scholarly literature concerning employee orientation. The analysis considers the purpose and rationale of employee orientation, examines the empirical and anecdotal evidence linking effective orientation programs with increased organizational effectiveness and increased employee satisfaction, explores models of successful orientation programs from a variety of organizations, analyzes orientation techniques, and identifies the key elements of an effective employee orientation program. 21 pages, 64 footnotes, 39 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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12387. EMPLOYEE INVOLVEMENT AND PARTICIPATION AT IBM. This paper provides an audit and analysis of IBM against the participative management/employee involvement model of human resource management. The first section describes the participative model of human resource systems and justifies the use of this model as an evaluative benchmark. the remainder of the paper evaluates IBM against this normative HRS model, addressing issues of strategy, structure, and culture, along with the specific human resource management functions of performance and management and rewards. KEYWORDS: IBM hrm employee involvement participation. 17 pages, 52 footnotes, 43 bibliographic sources.
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$119
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12386. HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT AT MICROSOFT. This paper presents a management report analyzing the human relations management issues, strategies and policies of software giant Microsoft Corporation. The report focuses on Microsoft's problems in employee recruiting, hiring and classification which are related to the highly competitive market for qualified high-technology employees, the company's needs to retain flexibility in hiring practices, and recent legal challenges to Microsoft's long-standing practice of relying on "contract" or "temporary" workers to fill part of its labor needs. KEYWORDS: hrm microsoft recruitment hiring employee classification temporary workers us software industry labor practices. 11 pages, 48 footnotes, 34 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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12385. PUBLIC PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT AND THE SUPERVISOR. This paper, which is structured as a draft letter from the Chief of Personnel in a public organization to newly selected supervisors, emphasizes the new and critical role each supervisor plays in human resource management. Drawing upon public administration texts and recent literature, the report addresses the key human resources management responsibilities of the new supervisors. The analysis and recommendations consider EEO, employee motivation and job satisfaction, employee training and development, performance appraisal, employee discipline and grievance procedures, and the management of diversity. 11 pages, 24 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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12384. INTRODUCING NEW TECHNOLOGY INTO THE WORKPLACE. This paper considers and critiques the proposition that the introduction of new technology into the workplace is a straightforward management task. The essay argues that the implementation of new technology into the workplace is a complex and often daunting challenge for management. The analysis begins with a review of some of the major problems and/or barriers involved in implementing new technologies and then concludes with a discussion of the implications for managers. 8 pages, 25 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources.
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$56
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12383. LEARNING ORGANIZATIONS. Overview and analysis of the learning organization. The first part of the paper takes a theoretical focus, considering the definitions and central characteristics of the learning organization; differentiating between organizational learning and the learning organization; considering the implications of being a learning organization for corporate culture, organizational structure, strategy, and environmental outlook, examining the factors in the external environment which encourage or demand the development of learning organizations; and previewing theoretical approaches towards becoming learning organizations. the concluding section of the paper examines the learning organization in action. Drawing on case studies and anecdotal reports of companies' achievements and/or failures as learning organization, the analysis takes a birds-eye look at how and why companies become learning organizations. 17 pages, 43 footnotes, 24 bibliographic sources.
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$119
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12382. AMERICAN MANAGEMENT STYLE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL BUSINESS. This paper examines the dominant forms and cultural influences on management style and practice in the United States with comparisons to other cultural values underpinning American management style and business practices. A concluding section considers the extent to which recent changes in the structure and style of U.S. businesses can be related to American culture. KEYWORDS: globalization culture management american management style international business management. 18 pages, 43 footnotes, 29 bibliographic sources.
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$126
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12381. GLOBALWORK: BRIDGING DISTANCE, CULTURE & TIME BY O'HARA-DEVERAUX & JOHANSEN. Review and evaluation of this 1994 book by two management consultants which aims at providing managers with useful models and frameworks for transcending the cultural boundaries of the global business environment to ensure effective teamwork and optimal utilization of new business technologies. While noting that the subject matter is timely and relevant, appraises much of the book as indecipherable, particularly its discussions of globalization and culture. KEYWORDS: book review globalization business. 6 pages, 11 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources.
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$42
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12379. ARAB MANAGEMENT: CULTURE AND MANAGEMENT IN SAUDI ARABIA. This paper presents an overview and analysis of the Arabian style of management as exemplified by Saudi Arabian businesses. The Arab management style is compared and contrasted to the American style, with a discussion of the major cultural influences on each. the analysis begins with a discussion of the major cultural influences on Arabian management. Following this, a profile of the "Saudi management style" is presented and discusses with comparisons to American management. The concluding section presents a summary comparison of American and Arabian management styles. 10 pages, 31 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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12378. THE ECONOMIC GEOGRAPHY OF BIOTECHNOLOGY. The paper argues that factors such as proximity to university facilities, existing high-tech industry and a well-educated workforce are the reasons why biotechnology firms tend to cluster in a few metropolitan areas such as Boston, San Diego and San Francisco. 5p. 14f. 8p..
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$35
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12376. DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS AND SMALL BUSINESS. Overview and analysis of the use of decision support systems (DSS -- computer tools designed to provide a human decision-maker support within a semi-structured decision environment) in small business. Considers the central criteria for DSS success in small business, profiles common DSS applications in small business, and provides examples of specific products. A concluding section considers the outcome of DSS use in small business. 13 pages, 22 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources.
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$91
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12375. ELECTRONIC MONITORING OF EMPLOYEES. This research paper provides a review and analysis of the problems and issues raised by the organizations' electronic monitoring of employees, with a close focus on monitoring of employee email and internet usage. The topic is investigated from the perspective of organizational theory and business ethics, rather than in terms of its legal ramifications (although these issues are briefly addressed as well). KEYWORDS: employee email monitoring term paper. APA Style. 15 pages, 49 footnotes, 25 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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12372. ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR & CORPORATE CHANGE. The analysis applies three theories of organizational behavior/employee motivation theories (Herzberg's Motivation-hygiene theory, equity theory, and goal-setting theory) to the process of organizational change (downsizing, restructuring, re-engineering, corporate culture change) at General Electric Company as it has occurred from 1981 to present. The link between changing employees' behavior and attitudes and successful organizational transformation is emphasized. 12 pages, 27 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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12371. THE IMPACT OF THE INTERNET ON BUSINESS. A survey and overview of how the Internet is impacting U.S. business. Looks at the Internet's impact on business strategies, hiring, organizational structure, organizational communications, relations with suppliers, and relations with customers. The analysis considers both the opportunities and the obstacles in achieving the potential cost savings, revenue growth and increased efficiencies presented to business by the Internet. 16 pages, 51 footnotes, 33 bibliographic sources.
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$112
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12370. COGNITIVE DISSONANCE, STEREOTYPES AND GROUP ROLES. Brief discussion and analysis of three concepts from social psychology. Defines cognitive dissonance and discusses its role in aggression; defines stereotypes and considers whether or not they are evil; and discusses the concept of roles in the standing group and their influence on interactions in the acting group. 9 pages, 5 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources.
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$63
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12369. GM AND SATURN: THE GREAT TURNAROUND. This paper analyzes and assesses GM's Saturn experiment from the perspective of year-end 1994. Outlines the key factors which helped Saturn meets its objectives, considers the reasons why it was important for Saturn to implement team concepts in design and production, and examines the reasons behind the decision to establish a new facility for Saturn production versus re-tooling an existing GM plant. 8 pages, 27 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources. 12369
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$56
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12368. QUALITY IS FREE (PHILIP B. CROSBY). Review of book on the importance of quality in both business and life. Includes a personal reaction, which praises the book for its effective use of case studies and teaching aids to explain concepts. 8 pages, 19 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source.
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$56
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12367. THE DOWNSIZING OF AT&T. Profiles and analyzes downsizing at AT&T. Although the report focuses on AT&T's most recent downsizing efforts (since January 1996), the cumulative impact of five previous downsizing programs during the past decade is also considered. Evaluates the rationale behind the downsizing, profiles the scope of restructuring efforts to date, and examines its impact on the company as a whole, and on AT&T employees - both the 'downsized' and the 'survivors' - in particular. 15 pages, 47 footnotes, 34 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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12365. SUCCESSION PLANNING IN FAMILY BUSINESS. This paper provides an overview and analysis of what is arguably one of the most important topics in family business: succession planning. Considers some of the major issues and concerns involved in succession planning and then draws on recent family business literature to construct an outline of effective succession planning. 10 pages, 36 footnotes, 27 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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12310. THE AMERICANS WITH DISABILITIES ACT. This paper provides an overview an analysis of the history, development and structure of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) of 1990. The analysis begins with an overview of ADA's history and development, looking at some of the pre-ADA legislation affording the disabled protection against discrimination and examining some of the major environmental forces spurring ADA legislation. Following this a detailed summary analysis of the ADA's main purposes and central protections as provided through its five Titles. KEYWORDS: ADA term paper disabled employees legislation. APA Style. 11 pages, 28 footnotes, 19 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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12292. MERGERS AND ACQUISITIONS. The focus of this paper is to analyze the topic of mergers and acquisitions from multiple perspectives: first by exploring the concept of operational synergy as an economic incentive for mergers and acquisitions, then by examining conglomerate mergers as an alternative form of merger. Lastly, the theme of leveraged buyouts and recapitalizations is reviewed in terms of its efficacy in explaining the efficiency gains (or lack thereof) in the area of acquisitions. 28 pages, 34 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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12164. O.D. (ORGANIZATION DEVELOPMENT) SKILLS. This paper identifies, prioritizes and explains the five O.D. skills that are most important for helping public and/or nonprofit managers develop and maintain flexible, adaptive, and effective organizations: 1) diagnostic skills; 2) motivational skill; 3) consultative management skill; 4) evaluation skill; and 5) interventions skill. 11 pages, 15 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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12163. HUMAN RESOURCE PLANNING FOR THE FUTURE. This paper discusses the value of human resources planning and management in the achievement of organizational objectives with particular attention to how changes in the labor market and employment structure over the next decades will impact the vital link between human resources and organizational strategy. KEYWORDS: hrm planning human resources management. 9 pages, 19 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources.
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$63
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12161. A SEMINAR ON TRAINING EVALUATION. Formatted as a training seminar on the subject of training evaluations. The purpose is to provide an overview of the training evaluation process as it applies to the evaluation of training programs, trainers, trainees, and job results. Defines evaluation, describes its benefits, and analyzes the five main levels of evaluations and their basic methodologies and applications. Presents a step-by-step plan for evaluation implementation. Concludes with a brief evaluation of the seminar. 10 pages, 21 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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12160. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEMS. This paper presents an overview of artificial intelligence (AI) applications to various types of computer systems designed to assist decision makers in organizations – applications called decision support systems (DSS). Defines AI, DSS and expert systems (ES); describes the architecture of a DSS; defines the components of an expert system; examines the role and function of artificial intelligence in DSS; describes the evolution of group-based decision support (groupware); and considers trends in DSS and expert systems. Keywords: management decisions computer programs models. 14 pages, 44 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources.
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$98
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12159. OSHA REGULATIONS ON WORKER ILLNESS & INJURY PREVENTION: A CASE ANALYSIS OF THE HOSPITALITY INDUSTRY. This paper presents an overview and analysis of current and proposed OSHA standards and guidelines on employee illness and injury prevention, with specific attention to its application in the hospitality (hotel and restaurant) industry. Following a brief overview of OSHA and its legal authority over worker safety and illness/injury prevention, the analysis examines the basic requirements of an employee illness and injury prevention program within the hospitality industry. In addition to examining the current requirements related to hazardous materials, worker safety issues, bloodborne pathogens, and other issues, the investigation also assesses the implications for the hospitality industry related to proposed standards on indoor air quality, ergonomics, and workplace violence. 11 pages, 34 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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12110. SURVIVING DOWNSIZING. Examines the impact of corporate downsizing on employee survivors (those who remain after the layoffs), and looks at ways companies can mitigate the negative impacts. Considers links between absenteeism, work stress, employee morale and "survivor syndrome." 17 pages, 68 footnotes, 44 bibliographic sources.
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$119
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12107. ORGANIZATIONAL FACTORS IN SUSTAINED COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE. Drawing on modern and classic literature on the creation of competitive advantage. Discusses how sustained competitive advantage can be achieved by paying attention to organizational factors. 7 pages, 33 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.
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$49
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12022. SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE. This paper presents an overview of the current status of sexual harassment law and an analysis of recent trends and emerging issues in workplace sexual harassment. Reviews the definition and legal history of workplace sexual harassment and considers recent trends such as the rising caseloads, the changing parameters of hostile environment claims and the criteria for establishing employer liability. KEYWORDS: workplace sexual harassment hostile environment claims employer liability. 16 pages, 45 footnotes, 23 bibliographic sources.
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$112
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12021. "LEADERSHIP: THE ART OF EMPOWERING OTHERS" BY JAY CONGER. Critical analysis of an article written by a management expert on the subject of effective leadership. Conger argues that the key to effective leadership (and hence, to organizational effectiveness) is empowering employees. KEYWORDS: hrm article review employee empowerment leadership jay conger. 7 pages, 6 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source.
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$49
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12005. STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT IN A CHANGING BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT. This paper provides an overview and analysis of strategic management in the contemporary business environment. Following a definition of strategic management and a review of its central principles, the analysis looks at how the discipline is evolving to meet the challenges of globalization and a rapidly changing, often chaotic business environment, citing examples of the application of strategic management tools and principles within a variety of organizations. KEYWORDS: strategy strategic management pest globalization organizational change. APA Style. 10 pages, 30 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources. 2,640 words.
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$70
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11981. RESTRUCTURING IBM. This paper analyzes the relevant issues and problems in the strategic process of restructuring of IBM. Following an overview of the downsizing/restructuring program to date, a summary S.W.O.T. (strengths-weaknesses-opportunistic-threats) analysis identifies threats and opportunities in IBM's external environment and matches them with IBM's internal strengths and weaknesses. Alternative courses of action for handling the problems and opportunities are defined and evaluated. The concluding section outlines a recommended course of action based on the analysis of alternatives. KEYWORDS: IBM change management corporate restructuring downsizing. 15 pages, 48 footnotes, 23 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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11942. GENDER IN A MULTI-NATIONAL BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT. Surveys the most male dominated countries in the world and the methods of American Corporations to integrate women into these workplaces. Examines U.S. law on various aspects of sexual harassment in a multi-national workplace. 10 pages, 14 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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11941. THE IMPACT OF NATIONAL & CORPORATE CULTURE ON GLOBAL BUSINESS. Following a brief overview of the concept and definition of culture, both as it pertains to nations and to organizations, this paper looks at some of the ways in which culture has the power to facilitate and /or impede companies' access to global markets and their participation in a global inter-linked economy. Profiles how culture impacts the marketing and the management functions. Considers how companies can overcome cultural barriers. KEYWORDS: organizational culture national international business globalization. 12 pages, 40 footnotes, 24 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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11926. NETWORKING IN ORGANIZATIONS. This paper investigates the topic of networking within organizations, with a special focus on networking in large corporations and bureaucracies. Following a definition of networks, a discussion of the various types of networks and their main purposes, and an overview of the major models of network formation and network process, the analysis looks more closely at the impact of networking on the organization and the impact of the organization on networking. KEYWORDS: organizational networks networking. 21 pages, 47 footnotes, 19 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11924. GROUP DYNAMICS & ENTREPRENEURISM IN LARGE ORGANIZATIONS. This paper looks at the importance of group process and group dynamics when applying the entrepreneurial process to large organizations. Drawing on both empirical research and anecdotal evidence from organizations, the analysis takes a close focus on how the team or group approach can provide the foundation for the new organizational paradigm based on innovation, risk-taking, and flexibility. KEYWORDS: entrepreneurial process innovation risk taking organization group dynamics. 22 pages, 40 footnotes, 29 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11833. COMPUTER APPLICATIONS IN JOB INTERVIEWS AND EMPLOYEE SELECTION. This paper considers the use of computers in the job interview and employee selection process, looking in particular at computer-assisted and computer-adapted job interviewing/testing. Provides examples of programs which interview applicants and make hire recommendations, as well as a range of programs which assist in testing, applicant tracking, and other functions. 6 pages, 29 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources.
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$42
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11832. THE DIFFICULTIES IN CHANGING CORPORATE CULTURE. Considers the extent to which organizational culture can be successfully managed or changed. Defines organizational culture, reviews the major types of culture, addresses the issue of whether or not culture can be treated as an organizational variable. Considers how and if it is possible to change organizational culture and looks at the barriers which may be encountered during the process. 10 pages, 36 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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11813. DOWNSIZING AND ITS ALTERNATIVES. Examines a hypothetical downsizing case in a mid-size manufacturing firm which has targeted a 30% payroll reduction. Considers the scope and consequences of downsizing and examines steps toward effective downsizing, including proper management of mass layoffs and a wide range of alternatives to layoffs, including wage reductions, reductions in time, early retirement, worker participation, and organizational re-design. 19 pages, 59 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11811. INDUSTRY'S ROLE IN RECYCLING. This paper examines recycling from the perspective of U.S. industry, looking at the role played by industrial producers, manufacturers, and packages in the drive to build a comprehensive framework for recycling in the united states. The analysis includes a close focus on two important areas for industry action: manufacturing recycled-content products and designing/manufacturing for recyclability. 12 pages, 39 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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11755. ORGANIZATIONAL FLEXIBILITY AND ENTREPRENEURISM. Looks at some of the ways in which companies have worked to increase organizational flexibility as part of their effort to increase corporate entrepreneurism. Focuses on the efforts to increase flexibility in human resources management, considering both the risks and the benefits of such efforts. 7 pages, 25 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.
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$49
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11754. ENTREPRENEURISM AND CORPORATE DOWNSIZING. Examines the phenomenon of corporate downsizing as it relates to companies' efforts to increase corporate entrepreneurism. The analysis examines the impact of downsizing on the corporation, including its impact on employees, and the extent to which it has helped companies increase entrepreneurism. A concluding section examines "right-sizing" as an alternative to downsizing which may be more in keeping with the objective of increasing corporate entrepreneurism. 14 pages, 44 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources.
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$98
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11753. USING EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT TO FOSTER ENTREPRENEURISM. Examines how and why corporations use employee empowerment programs as a means of increasing corporate entrepreneurism. Draws examples from successful programs and cites reasons why some programs fail. 6 pages, 31 footnotes, 15 bibliographic sources.
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$42
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11752. ENTREPRENEURISM IN AMERICAN CORPORATIONS - THEORY & SCOPE. Examines the rationale and scope of corporate entrepreneurship. Provides a definition of the entrepreneur and the entrepreneurial organization, including a summary of its key characteristics, and considers the rationale and scope of the "entrepreneurial prescription" offered by American management experts such as Drucker and Peters as a solution to the competitive and quality problems of large corporations. A concluding section considers the barriers to implementing entrepreneurism. 12 pages, 41 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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11706. WHEN FAMILY BUSINESSES GO PUBLIC. Examines the contemporary American family business in terms of one of its key transitions -- the decision to go public. Defines family business and presents an overview of its scope and position in American enterprise. Looks in detail at the family business approaching the IPO. The reasons or motivations for going public, the possibility of maintaining control after going public, and the consequences of going public are considered. 20 pages, 62 footnotes, 40 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11699. ENTREPRENEURISM IN AMERICAN CORPORATIONS. An investigation which examines the purpose, scope and outcomes of introducing entrepreneurial methods and values into large American organizations. Considers the 'key success' factors in implementing organizational entrepreneurism -- including employee empowerment and removal of hierarchies -- along with some of the major barriers which have been encountered. 41 pages, 112 footnotes, 54 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11601. RESISTANCE TO CHANGE IS A DEFENSE OF SELF. This analysis develops the notion that resistance to change is a defense of the self. This notion is developed both through the clinical perspective of the psychotherapist on patient resistance and the diagnostic perspective of the Organizational Development (OD) change agent on client and client-member resistance. 15 pages, 26 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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11587. ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AT THE U.S. POSTAL SERVICE. Survey and analysis of the postal system as a relative failure in American business, with general ideas for change based on the 're-framing' concept of organizational culture developed by Deal and Bolman: turning postal managers into leaders who can solve problems, especially identifying and either retraining or releasing problem workers. KEYWORDS: organizational change usps culture organization. 8 pages, 21 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.
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$56
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11543. COMMUNITY SERVICES: A MANAGEMENT IMPERATIVE FOR THE 1990S. Argues that community services should form a part of every manager's training and development program. Investigates the history and current status of business community service programs in the United States. Looks at general areas of business interest as well as citing examples of specific programs. The problems and benefits of program development and implementation are considered. 10 pages, 19 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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11518. LIFETIME EMPLOYMENT: NOT A GOOD MODEL FOR THE U.S. Looks at the merits and drawbacks of the Japanese "lifetime employment" model and considers its applicability within the U.S. business environment. Rejects the model for the U.S., but urges U.S. businesses to develop a new employee-employer contract to replace what was in reality for many firms an implied lifetime contract prior to the downsizing of the 1990s. 8 pages, 29 footnotes, 22 bibliographic sources.
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$56
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11516. ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE CONFLICTS: STRATEGIES FOR CHANGE AGENTS. Considers the problems and conflicts posed by organizational culture for the change agent seeking to implement effective intervention. Following a presentation of examples of the culture-intervention value conflict, the analysis considers some strategies the change agent can use for coping with this conflict. 15 pages, 23 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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11513. CORPORATE DOWNSIZING. Investigates the phenomenon of corporate downsizing, tracing its history and progress from the late 1980s to the present. The process of downsizing and its impact on particular industries are considered. Looks at the causes (motivations) and consequences of downsizing, with particular attention to the impact on employer-employee relations and the structure of the organization in the 1990s. 20 pages, 44 footnotes, 20 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11510. MANAGING CHANGE AT GENERAL ELECTRIC. Describes, analyzes and assesses the outcome of GE's corporate change program implemented by CEO Jack Welch in 1981 and continued through the mid-1990s. Profiles the "pre-change" culture, organizational structure and strategy; considers the goals and procedures for change (including downsizing, employee empowerment and organizational restructuring); assesses the outcome. Faults GE for its failure to change its business ethics and for its delay in empowering employees and implementing true organization-wide change. 19 pages, 56 footnotes, 37 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11507. BUSINESS ANALYSIS: UNITED AIRLINES. Business analysis of one of America's Big Three airlines, in format of short subsections including history, business summary and mission, future strategy alternatives, and recommendations. Gives a no-holds-barred summary of the good and bad points of United and its competitors, focusing on the airline industry's struggle to keep marginal cost below marginal revenue, United's two 1994 shakeups (employee buyout/wage reduction deal, United Shuttle and other price-cutting) United's war with Southwest, and offers a new business strategy for 1995, including new marketing techniques to increase passenger revenues per mile. 20 pages, 25 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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11506a. IBM: AN INVESTMENT SUMMARY. Well-organized study of IBM from the financial viewpoint. Covering results through 1994, gives a bottom-line perspective of IBM's run into the red and back out again, including history, market share, profit results, liquidity, debt, stock price history, volatility, ratings by various services, and prospects, with many comparisons to the industry as a whole. 10 pages, 30 footnotes, 11 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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11506. THE MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS OF ORGANIZATIONAL DIAGNOSIS. This paper discusses the importance of organizational diagnosis both as a process of information gathering and as a method of intervention and changing. Argues that while diagnosis stands as the principle method of information gathering in the OD process, it also inevitably functions as an intervention, and hence, a change strategy. 15 pages, 22 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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11476. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DOWNSIZING. Analyzes how HR planning, recruitment/selection, performance evaluation, compensation management, and training can best be used in a downsizing organization. Cites planning as the most important challenge for HR managers in downsizing firms. 5 pages, 18 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11414. SEXUAL HARASSMENT. This paper provides an overview of sexual harassment, considering its legal definition and components, its prevalence and demographic profile, its causes and consequences, and its potential remedies. KEYWORDS: sexual harasssment definition prevalence. 12 pages, 25 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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11388. ANALYSIS OF A BUSINESS ETHICS CASE FROM TWO DIFFERENT MANAGERIAL PERSPECTIVES. The managerial systems selected for this analysis are the Motivational model presented by Maslow, Herzberg and MacGregor and the Transformational model as formulated by Golembiewski, Schott and others. Following a brief summary of the case at issue, examines how these two perspectives would assess the problem presented and what their respective approaches would be to prevent and/or solve the problem. 15 pages, 14 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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11386. MERITOR SAVINGS V. VINSON: HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT SEXUAL HARASSMENT CLAIMS. This paper provides n analysis and discussion of the Meritor Savings v. Vinson case, a 1986 Supreme Court case which recognized that sexual harassment based on a hostile environment claim is a violation of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. KEYWORDS: workplace sexual harassment hostile environment claims. 5 pages, 8 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11385. A CASE OF AIDS DISCRIMINATION: EMPLOYER LIABILITY FOR REDUCTION OF HEALTH BENEFITS. Summary and analysis of McGann v. H&H Music Co., a U.S. Court of Appeals case involving an employee who sued his employer for discrimination under Section 510 of ERISA after the employer reduced health benefit coverage for AIDS. 5 pages, 5 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11377. WORK SATISFACTION & OCCUPATIONAL STRESS ACROSS OCCUPATIONS. Examines Hofstede's findings on the stress-satisfaction balance of occupations in light of reports indicating rising job dissatisfaction among higher level employees. Considers some of the factors (e.g, work environment, organizational structure, changing values, work-family conflict) which may contribute to the apparent change in stress/satisfaction balance at higher occupational levels. KEYWORDS: job satisfaction employee stress work environment geert hofestede. 8 pages, 13 footnotes in text, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$56
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11367. 360-DEGREE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL. This paper examines and analyzes techniques and methods of performance appraisal and employee evaluation for managers and executives. Following a review of traditional and more contemporary techniques commonly used, it focuses on what is rapidly becoming the method of choice in management performance appraisal -- 360-degree feedback. KEYWORDS: managerial employee performance appraisal 360 degree feedback subordinate ratings supervisors. 10 pages, 20 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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11316. LEADERSHIP AND ORGANIZATIONAL OUTCOMES. Examines the relationship between leadership and organizational outcomes for the organizations. Considers the meaning and functions of effective leadership, contrasting the new paradigm of "visionary" leadership with traditional leadership models. Implications for personnel managers in terms of leader development and training are considered. KEYWORDS: organizational leadership visionary leadership effective leaders. 12 pages, 36 footnotes, 17 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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11275. THE IMPACT OF TECHNOLOGY ON LABOR. This investigation addresses the impact of technology on work organization and labor practices in terms of the composition of the work force and the structure of job opportunities; the skill levels of the world force; the productivity of the organization; the conditions of work and/or the way work is done; the structure of the corporation; and union-management relations. KEYWORDS: technololgy job structure work organization. 15 pages, 36 footnotes, 24 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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11264. MOTIVATIONAL THEORY: HERZBERG'S MOTIVATION-MAINTENANCE THEORY. Following a discussion of the range of worker motivational theories, argues that Herzberg's hygiene-motivation theory provides the most comprehensive and utilitarian view of employee motivation. 5 pages, 11 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11263. THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN RESOURCES MANAGEMENT (HRM). This paper considers some of the many reasons why human resources management stands out as one of the most critical organization functions of the past few decades. Among the reasons cited are changes in organizational structures (the evolution of the horizontal corporation and the use of contingency workforce), changes in the legal and competitive environments, and changes in the work force itself (e.g., changing demographics). KEYWORDS: hrm impact importance. 5 pages, 10 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11195. VIDEOCONFERENCING: BUSINESS APPLICATION. Analyzes the potential impact of videoconferencing on business. Discusses efficiency benefits, traditional communication channels, and development in listening/receiving techniques and data transfer. 5 pages, 15 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11191. SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN THE U.S. Provides in-depth discussion of level of sexual harassment in U.S. with specific reference to workplace, forms of harassment, responses (personal and legal) to problem, role of feminist movement in exposing problem. Also describes organization response. 9 pages, 23 footnotes, 21 bibliographic sources.
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$63
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11178. COMMUNICATION THEORY IN A BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT. Compares and contrasts three models of communication as they apply to formal and informal business conferences. Discusses communication patterns in effective organizations. 5 pages, 11 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11138. CULTURAL DIVERSITY IN THE WORKPLACE. Discusses primary and secondary characteristics of diversity. Considers advantages of diversity including larger work pool, fosters greater awareness of employee relations (necessary for creating optimum worker productivity), more perspectives and hence creativity. Methods of developing diversity are briefly analyzed. 5 pages, 3 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source.
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$35
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11137. THE PROCESS MODEL OF MOTIVATION IN THE WORKPLACE. Taking an organizational behavior approach to motivation, this paper reviews and discusses the process model of human motivation within the organizational setting. Following a brief discussion and analysis of the process model, the investigation examines various methods of increasing employee motivation, drawing upon both empirical studies of goal setting, team-building, and organizational behavior management and anecdotal reports of change efforts found in recent business literature. KEYWORDS: employee motivation process model. 14 pages, 34 footnotes, 27 bibliographic sources.
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$98
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11033. TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT: PROBLEMS AND PROGRESS. This paper investigates the current status of Total Quality management (TQM) as it is used- and misused -by American companies. Defines TQM and identifies its central principles. Considers problems and progress in the implementation if TQM. with a special focus on employee training issues. Concludes with a summary analysis of the necessary prerequisites for the successful implementation of a TQM program. 12 pages, 27 footnotes, 26 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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11031. BUSINESS ETHICS OF BARS. Analyzes main ethical issues relevant to bar ownership and operation: nature and targets of advertising, pricing, liabilities of service. 5 pages, 9 footnotes in text, 11 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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11020. ISSUES IN PERSONNEL MANAGEMENT. Reviews current issues in personnel and human resources management. Specific topics addressed include the conflict between unions and HR, the validity and reliability of interviews as a selection tool, the issue of"work force flexibility" and its implications for employees and organizations, and the differences between personnel management and human resources management. 11 pages, 13 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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10683. MOTIVATION, EMPOWERMENT, AND PARTICIPATION: THEORY AND ACTION PLAN. Discusses employee empowerment, decision-making participation, goal-setting, and extrinsic rewards. Provides an action plan to implement these policies. KEYWORDS: employee motivation strategies participation extriinsic rewards. 12 pages, 20 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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10654. UNITED PARCEL SERVICE: PERSONNEL PROBLEMS AND REMEDIES. This paper analyzes internal problems at United Parcel Service (UPS), the world's largest package and distribution company. The problem is viewed from the perspective of a mid-level management employee at UPS. Drawing on published sources, company news releases, and interviews with UPS managers, line staff (drivers), and customers, the analysis utilizes the concepts and assumptions of the four frames in reframing organizations: structural, human resources, political and symbolic (cultural). Forces within the external environment (e.g. regulatory changes, competition, technology and economics) which may impact on the problem situation are also taken into consideration within the structural analysis. Presents the case that hourly workers are dissatisfied with work overloads and unrealistic production demands and argues that this has negatively impacted customer service and overall company productivity. Contends that UPS must change its organizational culture and allow line workers to have a greater say in and control over the means and methods of production. 17 pages, 63 footnotes, 52 bibliographic sources.
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$119
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10634. DECISION TREE ANALYSIS OF A CAREER DECISION. A M.B.A. 's search for a career path demonstrates gathering and categorizing information for a decision tree analysis. 5p. ,0f., 0b. (+1 chart)
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$35
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10554. REMAKING IBM. Analysis and assessment of efforts to change IBM's culture and organizational structure and strategy from John Aker's 1988 announcement of "sweeping reorganization" to his resignation" to his resignation as CEO in January of 1993. Notes the failure to correctly and adequately diagnose IBM's problems. 14 pages, 47 footnotes, 26 bibliographic sources.
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$98
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10526. THE EVOLVING CHARACTER OF U.S. MANAGEMENT-LABOR RELATIONS. Considers recent changes in the traditional structure of American labor-management relations, particularly as these apply to union-management relations. 5 pages, 8 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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10523. COMMUNICATIONS PROBLEMS IN FAMILY BUSINESS. This investigation takes a case analysis approach, studying the communication difficulties within a particular family business -- an import-export firm jointly run by four brothers. Problems are analyzed from the perspective of organizational communications theory and family business literature. The concluding section discusses some of the alternative approaches towards solving the problems. 5 pages, 12 footnotes in text, 9 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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10522. THE ROLE OF SUPPLIERS IN THE U.S. AUTO INDUSTRY STRATEGY: THE CASE OF FORD MOTOR COMPANY & GM'S SATURN DIVISION. This paper investigates recent trends in the U.S. auto industry's purchasing and supplying operations and the link between supplier-automaker relations and industry efforts towards controlling costs and improving manufacturing efficiency. Following an overview of the current condition of supplier-automaker relations in the U.S. industry, the analysis compares new supplier strategies in two automakers- Ford Motor Company and GM's Saturn Division. 12 pages, 46 footnotes, 37 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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10514. JOB ENRICHMENT WORK TEAMS AND UNIONS. Considers legal issues related to "quality circles" and job enrichment teams: Are they unions? Are team leaders managers? Discusses the new ruling by the National Labor Relations Board which limits the subject matter of quality circles. 5 pages, 2 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source.
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$35
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