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18085. AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT FAILURES. This paper examines the reasons why the Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs) of the IMF and World Bank have been unsuccessful in helping sub-Saharan African nations attain economic development and globalization. The policies of the SAPs are compared with those of the successful "Newly Industrialized Countries" (NICs) of East Asia (particularly, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore). The role of the state in development efforts is also considered. It is concluded that it is possible to develop a market-oriented approach to development that at the same time works toward the alleviation of poverty and economic inequalities. KEYWORDS: economic development failure sub-saharan africa international financial institutions globalization IMF world bank structural adjustment policies africa newly industrialized countries east asia. Written 2006. MLA Style. 15 pages, 32 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources. 3,654 words.
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$105
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18073. GLOBALIZATION, DEVELOPMENT, AND MALAWI. The first part of this paper discusses globalization and development in general terms, with an emphasis on the factors that have enabled some developing nations to be more successful at globalization efforts than others. The second part of the paper is concerned with the specific case of Malawi, a country in dire poverty that is struggling with various economic, political, and social problems. Recommendations are made for policies and actions that could help Malawi become better integrated into the global economic community. KEYWORDS: globalization international development malawi. Written 2006. MLA Style. 15 pages, 38 footnotes, 9 bibliographic sources. 3,682 words.
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$105
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17226. THE CONGO FREE STATE (1885-1908). This paper describes how the combined forces of greed, command economy, and racism led to the cruelties that resulted in a drastic reduction of the indigenous population in the Congo. Topics include the actions of King Leopold II of Belgium, the colonial ivory and rubber industries, and the extreme punishments used to coerce labor. Keywords: Congo Belgium racism planned economy slave labor. 10 pages; 35 footnotes; 7 bibliographic sources. 2,545 words.
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$70
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17224. ZIMBABWE AND THE LEGACY OF COLONIALISM. This paper provides an overview and analysis of Zimbabwe’s modern-day economic, political and social problems, as described in newspaper accounts. These problems are then related to the legacy of European imperialism and colonial rule. That legacy included such things as white seizure of farmlands, segregationist treatment of the indigenous population, and the failure to provide a smooth transition to democracy during the nation’s independence movement. Keywords: Africa Colonialism legacy contemporary problems segregation Zimbabwe Rhodesia. Written 2004. 10 pages; 14 footnotes; 12 bibliographic sources. 2,226 words.
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$70
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15978. THE ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL SITUATION IN BRAZIL. This paper discusses the economic status of Brazil during the late 20th and early 21st centuries, as well as the government’s efforts to attain economic development during that time. Concludes that despite problems, investors have an “optimistic but cautious” outlook on the country’s future growth. 11 pages; 52 footnotes; 13 bibliographic sources.
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$77
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15810. POLITICAL AND SOCIAL DYNAMICS IN A RURAL COMMUNITY IN BANGLADESH. To help workers for the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee, this paper provides theories and examples regarding social and political dynamics in the area, and also discusses the types of mistakes that need to be avoided. Includes reference to the problem of elite members of the society taking advantage of the poor. 10 pages; 21 footnotes; 12 bibliographic sources. 2,546 words.
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$70
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15690. CHINA AND INDIA FACE THE CHALLENGES OF GLOBALIZATION. Focusing on the past seven years (1993-2001), this paper compares and contrasts China's and India's main economic strengths and weaknesses, progress in economic reform, and problems and challenges of globalization each country faces in their drive to become modern, high performing members of the global economy. Compares the two countries in the context of the history of their economic reform programs, motivation for embarking on reform, ideology of reform, structure of reform, and overall results of reform. Concludes that China has thus far been more successful at reform and at integrating with the global economy, but cautions that China still faces the most difficult phase of its reform. KEYWORDS: China India economic reform globalization chinese indian economy global integration. 17 pages, 41 footnotes, 30 bibliographic sources.
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$119
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15675. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN INDIA. This paper presents a brief overview and analysis of economic growth and development in India over the past four decades. Encompassing an overview of India's political/economic history and a summary of current economic conditions, the analysis considers the sources of growth, the resources for growth, the process of economic growth and structural change as it has occurred in India, and the relationship between human capital and economic development in India. The extent to which economic models - specifically the Harrod-Domar and Lewis's dual sector model of development ("trickle down") explain the pattern found in India is considered. A concluding section considers India's prospects for future growth. 19 pages, 31 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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15654. THE PROBLEM OF HUNGER IN ZIMBABWE. This paper reports on the progress (or lack thereof) made by Zimbabwe since the 1996 World Food Summit in the eradication of hunger; identifies the major obstacles an difficulties Zimbabwe faces in overcoming hunger; and summarizes proposed plans for improving the progress towards achieving the goal of reducing hunger. Zimbabwe's food security position is found to have deteriorated markedly since 1996. Although inclement weather plays a partial role in the current crisis, the major causes of Zimbabwe's food security problems are political and can be traced to Mugabe's land-reform programs, the recent "land invasions," and the mismanagement of the Zimbabwean economy. The AIDS epidemic is cited as a key factor in which must be addressed as part of longer-term efforts to solve the hunger crisis. 17 pages, 47 footnotes, 33 bibliographic sources.
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$119
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15634. ZIMBABWE: THE POLITICS OF ECONOMIC CRISIS. This paper provides a brief overview and analysis of the current economic situation in Zimbabwe and the prospects for future recovery. Following a background discussion, the analysis examines current economic conditions and the scope of the economic crisis and its underlying causes. It will be argued that Zimbabwe's economic crisis is rooted in the political strategies and ambitions of Robert Mugabe, Zimbabwe's president since the country achieved independence in 1980. The concluding section assesses Zimbabwe's prospects for recovery. 9 pages, 28 footnotes, 24 bibliographic sources.
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$63
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15441. INVOLUNTARY RESETTLEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT: CAN ANTHROPOLOGY HELP? This paper reviews the literature on the involuntary resettlement of indigenous peoples as a consequence of economic and environmental development programs (e.g., dams, urban developments, environmental protection programs, river diversions) and considers how anthropology can be used to help mitigate the negative impact of resettlement on people’s lives. Keywords: anthropology forced migration developing countries environment infrastructure. 10 pages; 19 footnotes; 11 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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15141. FAMINE: CAUSES AND CURES. Provides an analysis of the causes of famine, looking at the two main types of hunger found in the modern era: 1) extreme but temporary famines; and 2) chronic hunger and undernourishment. Sen's theory of entitlements is used to explain both types of hunger and to make the argument that economic and political circumstances curtail individual's ability to acquire enough food. Draws on specific examples, including the Bengal famine of 1943 and the cases of Brazil and Sri Lanka to illustrate chronic hunger. Argues that famine and chronic hunger can be prevented by addressing entitlement failures as their source, reducing economic inequities, and fostering a climate of participatory democracy. Successful hunger prevention programs in specific African and Asian countries are noted. 13 pages, 33 footnotes.
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$91
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15102. CITIZENSHIP AND THE WELFARE STATE. This essay argues that the sociological analysis of the concept of citizenship, as first popularized by the British sociologist T.H. Marshall, remains a valid and valuable concept in trying to understand the relations of individuals to the state and to society as whole, as well as for understanding the dynamics of inter-group relationships within a society, in all types of states. KEYWORDS: T.H. Marshall sociological analysis citizenship welfare states. Parenthetical Turabian Style. 10 pages, 34 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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15100. ANTHROPOLOGY’S CONTRIBUTIONS TO DEVELOPMENT POLICY. This paper explores what contributions the discipline of anthropology can make to development policy and practice. The essay argues that anthropology in general and specific anthropological findings can and should inform both policymakers and the public in general about the course that economic development policy should take. The paper examines the difficult and problematical aspects of the relationship between anthropology and economic development and concludes with an examination of the limits that block a complete scientific understanding and guidance of the development process. KEYWORDS: anthropology economic development policy. Chicago Parenthetical Style. 10 pages, footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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15069. SOMALIA: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CHALLENGES. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the current political and economic conditions in Somalia and the major challenges the country faces as it tries to re-create a state. The analysis provides an overview of the recent historical and current political and economic conditions in Somalia; considers the underlying social-political-economic structure of the country and the presence (or absence of the prerequisites of statehood); summarizes the major threats and challenges faced by the newly-emerging Somali state; and considers the most appropriate structure of government for Somali survival. Contrary to the bias of international authorities, it is argued that Somalia should not attempt to forge a new state based on a single central authority. Rather, Somalia must rebuild its nation on a foundation of multiple centers of local control. KEYWORDS: Somalia politics economy somali conflict war disintegrating states international intervention. Written 2001. MLA Style. 12 pages, 40 footnotes, 20 bibliographic references. 4,624 words.
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$84
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15060. SOMALIA: POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC CHALLENGES. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the current political and economic conditions in Somalia and the major challenges the country faces as it tries to re-create a state. The analysis provides an overview of the recent historical and current political and economic conditions in Somalia; considers the underlying social-political-economic structure of the country and the presence (or absence of the prerequisites of statehood); summarizes the major threats and challenges faced by the newly-emerging Somali state; and considers the most appropriate structure of government for Somali survival. Contrary to the bias of international authorities, it is argued that Somalia should not attempt to forge a new state based on a single central authority. Rather, Somalia must rebuild its nation on a foundation of multiple centers of local control. 11 pages, 40 footnotes, 20 bibliographic references.
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$77
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13384. SOUTH-NORTH MIGRATION & THE BRAIN DRAIN. This paper provides an overview and analysis of south-north migration as a major issue in north-south relations. The first section provides an overview of the general patterns in south-north migration over the past few decades and a discussion of the major “pull” and “push” factors driving the migrant flow. The remainder of the analysis considers responses from the Northern receiving countries and the impact of the South-North migration on the “sending” countries of the South, with particular attention to the problem of “brain drain” in the southern LDCs. KEYWORDS: labor migration brain drain southern hemisphere. APA Style. 12 pages, 36 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources.
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$84
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13245. TOURISM AND EGYPTIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Considers prospects and problems in Egypt’s planned reliance on tourism as a linchpin of economic growth and development. Discusses the role of tourism in economic development, traces the history of tourism in Egypt, outlines the historical and current role of tourism in the Egyptian economy, profiles the role of the State and the private sector (foreign and domestic) in tourism development, and traces the major impediments to growth in this sector, with a special focus on terrorism and political unrest. Concludes with recommendations on how the Egyptian government can better facilitate the tourism route of economic growth and development. 49p., 148f., 39b.
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$133
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13185. DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME IN THE THIRD WORLD. Rejects the view that income inequality is inevitable in the early stages of growth and discusses such factors as land distribution, lack of educational opportunities, and the entrenchment of the elite. Also notes the failure of government policies that place too much emphasis on global development and too little on domestic improvement. 8 pages, 29 footnotes in text, 8 bibliographic sources.
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$56
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13034. VIETNAM: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN ECONOMIC REFORM. This paper considers prospects for and problems within Vietnam's program of economic reform from the perspective of mid-1998. Following a background analysis of the motivations for reform and an overview of Vietnam's current economic conditions, structure, and trends, the analysis examines some of the major stumbling blocks in Vietnam's road to economic reform. Concludes that the future prospects for economic growth and development in Vietnam are dismal barring dramatic hastening of reform in financial services, agriculture, and the state-owned sector as well as a comprehensive program aimed at trimming bureaucracy and eradicating widespread corruption. 18p., 43f., 20b.
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$126
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12749. THE HUMAN COSTS OF COLONIALISM IN AFRICA, 1890-1940. Well-documented look at the costs of colonial rule (yet without denying that there were benefits, mostly inextricably linked to costs in grand processes of social & economic change). Focuses on military conquests and military suppression of scores of revolts in early colonialism, the extreme of economic exploitation/genocide in Belgian Congo and "normal" exploitation and land grabbing elsewhere in Africa, commercial conquest by European firms, suppression of moderate native political and social movements in interwar period, and examination of fictional character Okonkwo in Achebe's Things Fall Apart as a proxy for the psychological costs of colonialism in one man's life. 12p. 5b. 25f.
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$84
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12748. IMPERIALISM, PROFITS AND LEADERSHIP: THE FAILURES OF INDEPENDENT AFRICA. Scholarly examination of the practice of "kleptocracy" in recent decades in Africa. Beginning with a look at theories of "modernization" and "dependency," moves quickly to focus on how both the successes and failures of colonialism served to establish corrupt native elites, which only grew stronger and greedier after independence, using Sierra Leone as a major case. Also covers military/political frameworks of dependence & corruption in Chad, Angola and elsewhere, and a strong focus on Mobutu's Zaire as a classic case of what Max Weber called "the patrimonial state," including evidence of how even the IMF can be outwitted by corruption. Concludes that while modernization may yet come, at present there are new social structures which absolutely prevent wide spread development (and Western nations support this in many ways). 12p. 9b. 30f.
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$84
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12658. INDONESIA AND THE IMF BAILOUT. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the current Indonesian economic crisis and the $33 billion IMF bailout. The analysis focuses on the factors which led to the current crisis, notably the system of patronage capitalism, the lack of transparency in markets, the government-business linkages, the insolvency of the banking system, and the underlying environment of political unrest. Following an overview of the history and scope of the crisis and a summary of the IMF bailout program, the analysis focuses on Suharto's system of "crony capitalism" and its role in Indonesia's economic distress. The next section discusses the role and function of the IMF in the context of its current program for Indonesia. A concluding section examines the efforts towards and prospects for Indonesian economic reform and recovery. 25p., 96f., 44b.
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$133
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12648. TRANSITION IN CHINESE FAMILIES DURING THE POST-MAO REFORM ERA. This paper provides an overview and analysis of changes in Chinese family structure and practices and their relation to the widespread and far-reaching policies of the post-Mao Chinese state. Following a brief overview of the traditional Chinese family and the impact of Mao's Revolutionary state on Chinese family structure and traditions, the analysis focuses closely on family transformations during the reform (1978-present) period. The analysis profiles specific state policies (e.g., Marriage Law, one-child policy, household responsibility system, social welfare policies, economic policies and the four modernizations, etc.) which have influenced the family structure; reviews demographic changes in the Chinese family since the Mao era; and looks at some of the specific changes in terms of marriage patterns, birth patterns, parenting practices, and living arrangements. KEYWORDS: women china family structure marriage chinese law politics one child deng four modernizations gender relations sex roles. 26p., 72f., 31b.
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$133
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12557. IMPERIALISM AND COLONIALISM IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS. Answers questions about Marxist and other theories of imperialism and neo-imperialism, and 'what you would do to address North-South inequality if you had God-like powers?' Provides competent summary of Hobson, Lenin, and the many various mechanisms proposed for neo-imperialism. Criticizes these theorists for not paying enough attention to political motives of power projection and control. Uses God-like powers to propose an equal distribution of physical and human resources in the past, so that modernizations and industrializations would be more evenly spread. There would still be imperialisms and oppressions in human history, but at least these wouldn't be so European. 8p., 10f., 1b.
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$56
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12423. THE TIN MINING EXPORT INDUSTRY IN BOLIVIA. This report presents a case study of the importance of tin mining in the Bolivian economy. Following a brief background analysis of the history of tin as a world commodity in the 20th century, the analysis traces the history of tin mining in Bolivia and its emergence as a dominant industry and the crucial factor behind export-led economic growth until the collapse of the industry in 1985. Explores the links between tin mining and railways through an analysis of the major Bolivian mining entities including the nationalization under COMIBOL. Reviews the role and impact of international cartels and foreign investment. 13p. 43f. 10b.
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$91
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12419. POLITICAL UNDERDEVELOPMENT. This essay explores and explains the phenomenon of political underdevelopment, with particular attention to its application to political turmoil and chronic underdevelopment in African nations. The analysis examines some of the specific factors associated with political underdevelopment, including a poor institutional framework, economic distress, weak civil society, and “predatory” political leadership. 6p., 21f., 12b.
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$42
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12418. IMPROVING THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL STATUS OF THIRD WORLD WOMEN. Following a summary overview of the marginalization of women in Third World development strategies, this paper briefly considers what strategies might be used to improve the social and political status of women in the Third World, drawing on specific examples from Africa and Latin America. 8p., 17f., 10b.
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$56
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12026. A PROBLEM IN A DEVELOPING NATION: OVERPOPULATION IN EGYPT. Brief, cogent essay profiling the problem of overpopulation in Egypt, considering its scope, causes, and complicating factors. Looks at the relationship between overpopulation and Egypt's slow pace of economic development. 8p., 19f., 6b.
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$56
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12025. TOURISM IN DEVELOPING NATIONS. Emphasizes how the need for foreign investment in this industry fails to contribute to overall economic development. Offers suggestions for increasing local ownership and using new technologies. Also considers the role of international organizations in removing barriers to international trade. 12p., 51f., 18b.
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$84
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12024. DIRECT FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN INDIA. Discusses problems faced by multinational companies (MNCs) investing in India. Argues that, despite these problems, opportunities for successful investment still exist as long as MNCs follow certain guidelines. Also argues for clearer standards and regulations on the part of the Indian government. 12p. 41f. 22b.
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$84
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11970. HUNGER AND DEVELOPMENT IN ETHIOPIA. This paper explores hunger as a problem of development in the North African country of Ethiopia. Following an overview of the scope and human impact of the problem, the analysis looks at some of the difficulties and variations in seeking solutions to the problem. 9p. 21f. 12b.
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$63
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11848. INDONESIAN DEVELOPMENT: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS. Closely focusing on the link between politics and economic development, this paper provides an overview, analysis and history of Indonesia’s development from independence to the mid-1990s. Considers the limitations and flaws in programs under President Suharto to advance growth through market reform and the encouragement of foreign investment. Looks at the prospects, based on inequitable distribution of income, macroeconomic instability, and the depletion of resources, for sustainable development in the future. Keywords: Indonesia developing economies history 1990s. 12p., 61f., 33b.
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$84
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11821. TAXATION AND PRIVATE CAPITAL AND DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. This is a discussion of withholding tax collection policy in developing countries regarding international cash transfers such as interest dividends and royalties. Includes four appendices. 17p., 27f., 21b.
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$119
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11724. US VERSUS THEM: THE NORTH'S AGENDA IN NORTH-SOUTH RELATIONS. Considers the "marginalization" of the South through the course of North-South relations. Argues that through both circumstance and intention, the North has systematically placed the less developed South on the periphery of world affairs and world development. Considers the implications of the dismal nature of North-South relations for Southern development and looks at possible remedial steps to change the situation. 10p., 12f., 3b.
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$70
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11720. PEOPLE-CENTERED DEVELOPMENT AND THE ISSUE OF SELF-RELIANCE VERSUS NORTH-SOUTH COOPERATION. An essay which looks at the issue of Southern (Third World) self-reliance versus North-South cooperation in the achievement of people-centered development in the South. Compares the position of the South Commission (as presented in The Challenge to the South) with selected contrasting and concurring positions presented in Facing the Challenge. 10p., 18f., 6b.
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$70
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11700. THE POLITICS OF FAMINE: THE CASE OF ETHIOPIA. Compares and contrasts the 1973/74 and the 1984/85 Ethiopian famines, identifying similarities and differences the scope, magnitude, causes, and responses. Considers the environmental, cultural, economic, and political background to each famine. Argues that politics, rather than "natural disaster," was the primary factor exacerbating the famines. Argues further that the 1984/85 famine was directly created by the policies and strategies of the Mengistu government related to the war against Eritrea and the fight against the Tigrean resistance movement. 47p. 92f. 34b.
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$133
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11684. WOMEN, DEVELOPMENT AND THE AGENDA FOR THE SOUTH. Criticizes the South Commission's lack of attention to women in its Report. Argues that women and development are inexorably linked and makes the case that development leaders must address problems of gender inequities in less developed countries in order to achieve development goals. 11p., 10f., 4b.
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$77
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11658. AFRICA'S NEED FOR DEMOCRACY AND PROSPECTS FOR A DEMOCRATIC TRANSITION. Argues that a transition to democracy presents one of the best opportunities for the resolution of the current African crisis. Recognizes that African countries face many impediments to the successful implementation of democratic government and considers both the realistic prospects for African democracy and some of the steps which must be taken to overcome the barriers to a successful transition. 10p., 24f., 19b.
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$70
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11657. AFRICA'S COLONIAL LEGACY. Essay arguing that colonialism's most enduring legacy in Africa today is its creation of a political culture which has proven antithetical to the process of successful democratization. 5p., 14f., 9b.
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$35
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11593. VIETNAM: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT SINCE 1975. An analysis of Vietnam's economic development since the end of the Vietnamese war in 1975. Following an overview of Vietnam's economy under Communist planning during the first decade following the war, the analysis brings a closer focus to the efforts at economic liberalization begun in 1986. The concluding section profiles current economic conditions and considers the problems and prospects in future development. 19p. + tables. 76f., 49b.
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$133
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11586. RE-ESTABLISHING CIVIL SOCIETY AND DEMOCRACY IN AFRICA. This analysis considers some of the problems and prospects for re-establishing civil society and democracy in Africa's so-called failed societies. The legacies of colonialism and the Cold War, tribal and ethnic rivalries and the scarcity of resources are among the factors considered. 10p., 14f., 12b.
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$70
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11375. POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT. Investigates the relationship between rapid population growth and education and health care of the population in developing countries. Considers both the limitations that rapid population growth places on health and education services and the extent to which health and education programs can assist in controlling rapid population growth. Makes recommendations for controlling education and health programs to promote sustainable development in Third World countries. 18p., 72f., 38b.
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$126
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11359. CAPITAL MARKETS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. CAPITAL MARKETS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES. Argues that one of the reasons for slow economic growth in LDCs is the absence of well-developed financial markets. Demonstrates this by looking at historical examples and some present-day ones, especially the fast-growing Pacific Rim nations. Considers how such markets make economic growth possible. 6p., 12f., 11b.
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$42
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11356. AIDS AND AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BY MARTHA AINSWORTH AND MEAD OVER. A review of the existing research on the scope and potential impact of the AIDS epidemic in Sub-Sarahan Africa. Ainsworth and Over take issue with methodologically flawed studies and point out the lack of information making it difficult to estimate what the impact of this will be. 7p. 9f. 1b.
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$49
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11353. FINANCIAL SECTOR TRANSFORMATION IN FORMER SOVIET SATELLITES: THE CZECH REPUBLIC, HUNGARY & POLAND. Examines the problems and prospects for financial sector reform in the market transition economies of the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland. Reviews the financial sector reforms to date in each country and considers some of the key financial sector transformation problems. Discusses some of the basic approaches proposed to resolve these problems. 14p. + appendix, 60f., 46b.
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$98
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11199. COMPARATIVE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS: KENYA AND TANZANIA. Compares and contrasts business climate in Kenya and Tanzania in terms of political/legal, economic,and social-cultural structures. Conclusion evaluates and forecasts their respective business climates. 21p., 62f., 29b.
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$133
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11116. EEC AID PROGRAMS: THE LOME CONVENTIONS. In-depth analysis of the EEC's economic and social aid packages for the 67 nations of the African, Caribbean and Pacific group. Background and purpose of the conventions, their evolution through successive agreements, and the dependency effects of the pact on Third World countries are noted. 26p., 21f., 19b.
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$133
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11050. THE "GREEN REVOLUTION" IN BANGLADESH Discusses general failure of the widespread introduction of high yield grain varieties and increased fertilizer use (together, the Green Revolution) to significantly raise living conditions in Bangladesh. Government policy, foreign aid, food production, population increase, and future options are considered. Concludes broad and comprehensive economic development is more effective than a narrow focus on agricultural development. 11p. 21f. 6b.
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$77
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11047. KOREA'S ECONOMIC SUCCESS. This paper analyzes whether Korea fits the neoclassical economic model. Gives history of economic development since WWII, role of government, and weaknesses in Korean economy that could hinder future growth. Considers whether other countries could follow Korean model. 22p., 21f., 20b.
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$133
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11032. EEC TRADE AND AID TO THE THIRD WORLD. Examines the trade and aid benefits extended to African, Pacific, and Carribean countries through the European Community's Lome Conventions. Focuses on the African nations and the case of Tanzania, where unrestricted aid has fostered dependency and incompetent government. 16p., 23f., 17b.
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$112
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11030. CHINA'S AGRARIAN REFORM- 1979 TO PRESENT. Examines the background to the post-Mao reforms bringing market incentives and prosperity to the Chinese countryside. Increases in productivity and income, and changes in rural lifestyles and political structures are noted. 11p., 15f., 8b.
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$77
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10399. THE SOCIAL-CULTURAL EFFECTS OF MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS (MNCS). An assessment of the social and cultural effects of MNCs on host countries, with special emphasis on the effect on developing nations. Considers effects on labor force and structure of employment, effects on quality of life, and effects on consumerism. 10p., 11f., 6b.
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$70
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10345. BRAZIL'S FOREIGN DEBT. The Collor de Mello government's failure to cope with Brazil's sagging economy and soaring external debt is examind. The origins of the debt crisis, measures taken to counter it, and current position of the liquidity crisis are reviewed in detail. 15p. 39f. 27b.
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$105
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10339. TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT. This paper considers the promises and limitations of the free trade or no-trade-strategy as applied to developing countries. The free trade prescription is assessed from the perspective of real-world economics and varying levels of development and trade readiness among Third World nations. 6p., 11f., 15b.
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$42
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10338. EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT. Considers the merits of the arguments for and against the World Bank's call to reduce spending on higher education in developing nations in favor of increased emphasis on primary education and basic adult literacy education. Dispels the notion that this would constitute "neo-colonial education," arguing instead that an increased emphasis on primary education is needed to reduce social inequities, improve productivity in basic sectors, and form a foundation for higher education and further development among all the population of Third World nations. 6p., 13f., 14b.
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$42
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10330. THIRD WORLD DEBT AND INTERNATIONAL BANKS. Answers the charge that international banks have encouraged excess borrowing for political and economic reasons. Economic recovery in Mexico and Chile under IMF and World Bank guidance is noted. 6p., 6f., 3b.
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$42
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10294. THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT ON WOMEN. Looks at the effects of economic development programs on the status and gender roles of women in developing nations. Socialist, nationalist and international models of development are compared for their impact on women's rights, income, health care, and gender-defined roles in marriage, workplace and politics. 23p., 37f., 33b.
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$133
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10144. THE ECONOMICS OF HAITI. Role of political corruption and repression, agriculture (mainly coffee), foreign aid, tourism, commerce and manufacturing, foreign investment, 5-year plans, inflation. Particular emphasis on assembly industries and subcontracting and the impacts on Haiti. 1 table. Recommendations included in text. 20p. 92f. 21b.
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$133
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10143. POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC IMPLICATIONS OF BRAZILIAN DEFORESTATION. Describes political, social and economic consequences of deforestation of Amazonia. 11p., 16f., 8b.
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$77
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10053. THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE REAL INTEREST RATES IN THE MIDDLE EAST. Focuses mainly on the third world. Effects of inflation, interest rates, economic growth, money supply, banking systems, deposits, loans. Effects in Turkey, Syria, Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon. With 2 tables showing inflation and interest rate trends in Turkey and Egypt. 37p. 97f. 58b.
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$133
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10053. THE ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF NEGATIVE REAL INTEREST RATES IN THE MIDDLE EAST. 37p. 97f. 58b. See section 7D.
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$133
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09831. THE PRIVATIZATION OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL RELATIONS: NGOS AND PVOS IN THE 1990S. Considers the evolving roles of Private Voluntary Organizations (PVOs) and Nongovernmental Organizations (NGOs) with respect to their previous functions and traditions, their current status, and their future roles in the 1990s. Argues that NGOs and PVOs will increasingly complement and serve as an adjunct to governmental and intergovernmental functions objectives. 10p. 20f. 15b.
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$70
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09778. RURAL REFORM IN CHINA SINCE 1978. 9p. 19f. 8b. See Section 25A.
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$63
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09778. RURAL REFORM IN CHINA SINCE 1978. Examines and analyzes the changes effected to China's stagnated rural economy following the 1978 Third Plenum of the Eleventh Party Congress. Considers the effects of the commidization of land, the shift in farm pricing policies and the new household responsibility system. 9p. 19f. 8b.
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$63
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09663. FOREIGN CAPITAL IN MEXICO. The role of foreign capital in Mexico is analyzed in terms of the financing of public debt, direct foreign investment, and the shift to private capital from "official" or multilateral capital. The rise of maquiladoras, restrictions on foreign ownership, and the liberalization of economic policies are reviewed. 14p. 26f. 11b.
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$98
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09618. INDIA'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BY JAGANNATH MISHRA. Critical review and analysis of Mishra's anthology of eleven articles which covers a wide range of topics concerning India's social, economic and business climate. Notes the purpose, point of view, and major themes of each article. 12p. 13f. 7b.
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$84
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09618. INDIA'S ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT BY JAGANNATH MISHRA. 12p. 13f. 7b. See Section 7B.
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$84
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09492. CULTURAL INFLUENCES ON INDONESIAN BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Analyzes the effects of ethnic diversity, religious diversity and philosophy of state on Indonesian economy and business. 10 pages, 24 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.
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$70
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09315. MYTHS OF WORLD HUNGER. Refutes two major myths of world hunger: 1) the notion that the problem of hunger is limited to developing countries; and 2) the idea that drought and the inability to produce enough food are the main causes of hunger. 5p. 8f. 6b.
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$35
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09314. INDIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. An overview of the Indian economy and the Indian government's plans for economic development. Concludes with an analysis of likely scenarios for Indian's economic future, considering in particular its debt problem and the absence of adequate infrastructure. 3 Charts. 16p. 14f. 21b.
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$112
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09140. IMPERIALISM IN THE MODERN WORLD. An overview and analysis of current political thought on revisions of classical theories of imperialism. The focus is on Third World countries (especially Brazil) and the role played by multinational corporations. 10p. 7f. 6b.
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$70
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09139. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TO THE THIRD WORLD. Examines the role of natural and economic resources in the transfer of technology from advanced countries to less-developed Third World countries. The relationship of Indonesia and the U.S. is discussed in the context,of American biotechnology and electronics in that country. 15 pages, 24 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources.
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$105
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09138. WORLD HUNGER. An analysis of the problem of world hunger, its scope and extent, and factors related to hunger and poverty which confound its solution. 5 pages, 11 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$35
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08907. THE DEBT STRUCTURE OF ZAIRE. Analyzes the debt structure of Zaire in terms of Zaire's economic structure and standing in the world economy. Considers public and private debt, repayment arrears, debt rescheduling arrangements, commercial and developmental banks involved in Zaire's debt and prospects for a rescheduling plan. Zaire,s resources, employment, governmental policies, and tax incentives are also taken into account. 19 pages, 37 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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08355. MODERN PROTECTIONISM AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTH KOREA. Considers and analyzes South Korea's successful developmentalism through government direction. Examines the unique features of Korea's economic policies. 8 pages, 28 footnotes, 6 bibliographic sources.
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$56
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08351. CAPITAL FLIGHT FROM LESS DEVELOPED COUNTRIES. Examines the reasons behind the domestic and foreign consequences of the phenomenon of capital flight. The investigation focuses on the movement of capital from Latin American countries to the U.S., particularly Southern Florida. 10p. 19f. 12b.
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$70
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08175. LITERACY IN PRE-CASTRO CUBA. The impact of the pre-revolutionary social structure and educational system of Cuba on literacy rates is studied in this paper. Changes in the education system and literacy rates after Castro's revolution are then examined. 14p. 21f. 11b.
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$98
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08078. AFGHANISTAN FOREIGN POLICY. A detailed history of Afghanistan's foreign relations through the years as a background and explanation of the Soviet invasion of 1978. 28 pages, 57 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$133
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08043. ADOPTION. A study of adoption practices and procedures in the United States. Considers the variety of problems facing adoptive parents. 7 pages, 10 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.
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$49
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