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21B. OTHER RELIGIONS

How to interpret the catalog entries:
  • How old is my paper? The closer a paper is to the top of a page, the more recently it was written.
  • Book reviews Underlined titles indicate that the paper is a review/summary of a book.
  • Page lengths, footnotes and bibliographic references: The title of the paper, usually typed in capital letters, is followed by a brief description of the paper and a specification of text page length (NOT including the bibliography or endnote pages), number of footnotes or citations, and number of bibliographic references.
 
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18556. THE “SELF” AND “OTHERS” IN CONFUCIUS’ ANALECTS. This paper comments on a passage in the Analects of Confucius (Book VI, chapter 28 in the Arthur Waley translation), which is concerned with the attainment of “goodness,” or jen (“virtue”). The... (more)   $42
 
18552. THE BUDDHIST CONCEPT OF NIRVANA. This paper examines the theoretical positions in Buddhism regarding the meaning of the term “nirvana.” Basically, to attain nirvana means to extinguish desire. When this occurs, the practitioner... (more)   $70
 
18319. THE THREE “ABRAHAMIC” RELIGIONS: JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY, AND ISLAM. This paper provides historical background on Judaism, Christianity and Islam, and compares and contrasts them in terms of their beliefs and practices. There are similarities to be found because all... (more)   $98
 
18316. HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM. This paper provides an overview of Hinduism and Buddhism, and compares and contrasts them in terms of their beliefs and practices. Both religions originated in India, both are concerned with karma... (more)   $84
 
18081. TWO VIEWS ON RELIGION AND RITUAL: TALAL ASAD & ROBERT H. SHARF. This paper compares the views of Talal Asad ("The Construction of Religion as an Anthropological Category") and Robert H. Sharf ("Ritual"), and the efforts of the two writers to arrive at... (more)   $70
 
17607. SEVEN THEORIES OF RELIGION BY DANIEL L. PALS. This paper provides a summary and review of Pals’ book. The analysis begins with a synopsis of each of the book’s eight chapters. This is followed by reflection on how Pals’ book as a whole and each... (more)   $70
 
17223. THE DECLINE OF TANTRIC BUDDHISM IN INDIA. This paper considers the reasons why Tantric Buddhism virtually disappeared in the country where it originated (India). Tantric Buddhism involved controversial practices relating to sexuality and... (more)   $35
 
17022. BUDDHISM AND JUDAISM. This paper addresses the reasons why many Jews are turning to the use of Buddhist meditation techniques. Although Judaism is sufficient in itself as a spiritual practice, Buddhism has played a role... (more)   $77
 
15932. VISIT TO A THERAVADA BUDDHIST TEMPLE. This paper provides a description and analysis of a visit to a Theravada Buddhist temple. Some background on Buddhist practices is provided. Following this, a description is given of a visit to a... (more)   $70
 
15817. THE DEVELOPMENT OF NICHIREN BUDDHISM. This paper discusses the rise of Nichiren Buddhism in 13th century Japan, with an emphasis on how the religion arose in response to the social, economic and political conditions of the time. 20... (more)   $133
 
15791. MUSLIMS IN AMERICA. Traces the history and contemporary development and spread of the Islamic faith in the U.S. Describes the total population size, racial/ethnic background, geographical dispersion, and SES of... (more)   $63
 
15761. THE SPREAD OF ISLAM TO EAST AFRICA. This paper presents a brief overview and analysis of the expansion of Islam in East Africa. Examines how Islam spread to the region, its impact on the people and the region, and its differences from... (more)   $63
 
15738. CHANGE AND CONTINUITY IN BUDDHISM AND CHRISTIANITY. Using the texts of "Questions of King Milinda" and "Sermon on the Mount" as examples, this paper discusses the ways in which Buddhism and Christianity caused changes in religious and cultural... (more)   $42
 
15727. TANTRIC BUDDHISM. The perspective of max Weber is used to examine the development of Tantric Buddhism and to explain how the influence of tantrism became marginalized and/or moderated over time. For example, the... (more)   $63
 
15678. MARYAM (MARY) IN THE QUR'AN AND IN ISLAMIC TRADITION. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the significance and depiction of Maryam (Mary) in the Qur'an and in Islamic doctrine, and its comparison with Mary in Christian doctrine. The analysis... (more)   $119
 
15673. WESTERN MEDIA PORTRAYALS OF ARABS AND MUSLIMS DURING THE GULF WAR CRISIS OF 1990/91. This paper examines the media-filtered American interpretations of the Arab world through an analysis of Western (mainly U.S.) media portrayals and interpretations of Arabs and Muslims in general, and... (more)   $133
 
15652. A SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE ON THE ISLAMIC FAITH. This investigation provides a multi-dimensional, blended perspective on the Islamic faith drawing on elements from the three major sociological paradigms of structural-functionalism (functionalism),... (more)   $91
 
15638. TRENDS IN ISLAMIC MARRIAGE IN THE U.S. This paper provides an overview and analysis of trends in Islamic marriage in the United States (with reference to current trends in Europe as well). Following a brief profile of the Muslim... (more)   $84
 
15577. THE POWER OF MEDITATION. Using a variety of sources, including websites, books and articles, this paper argues that meditation has real power. For example, it increases relaxation, stimulates alertness, promotes spiritual... (more)   $70
 
15567. THE THREE MAJOR FORMS OF BUDDHISM. An overview of the branches of Buddhism known as the Thervada, Chinese-type Mahayana, and Tibetan-type Mahayana (or Vajrayana). After a brief background of Buddha's teachings, the history, doctrines,... (more)   $133
 
15564. OATHS IN THE QUR'AN. The oaths have been interpreted in different ways; for example, they provide a sense of solemnity, they evoke reverence and awe for the spiritual in nature, and they draw attention to certain phrases... (more)   $84
 
15563. MARRIAGE IN ISLAM AND THE WEST. Both cultures view marriage as important to the social order, forbid marriage between blood relations, and advocate similar sex roles for husbands and wives. However, Islam places more emphasis on... (more)   $77
 
15503. SOURCES OF FIGURAL IMAGERY IN ISLAMIC ART. Three examples of Islamic art depicting figures are discussed: Samarra art, Fatimid luster pottery and the city walls of Konya. It is shown that classical culture and location traditions influenced... (more)   $42
 
15502. ISLAMIC CALLIGRAPHY. Discusses the reasons for the importance of Arabic letters and Qur'anic phrases in Islamic art and culture, including the view that such writing represents the visual expression of the Word of God. ... (more)   $42
 
15488. SAUDI ARABIA AND ISLAMIC LAW. Discusses the development of Islamic law in the country, and the dominance of the relatively strict views of Wahhabism and the Hanbali school. Also addresses the criticisms of Western observers,... (more)   $112
 
15217. THE ULTIMATE GOALS OF LIFE IN TAOISM AND HINDUISM. Compares the goals of Chinese Taoism (to attain union with nature and balance the forces of yin and yang) with the goals of Indian Hinduism (to attain union with Brahman, or God, and to acquire good... (more)   $49
 
15216. POLITICAL ISLAM IN TURKEY. This paper looks at the role of the nation's military leaders in maintaining a secular government over the years. Although Islam-based political parties have competed for power since the 1950s (such... (more)   $84
 
15190. MAHAYANA BUDDHISM. This paper discusses how the Mahayana is similar to earlier Buddhism, as well as how it is different. The differences include such things as seeking more mass appeal, incorporating mythical elements,... (more)   $56
 
15188. RUMI'S VIEWS ON WOMEN. This paper looks at the life and work of the Persian mystic and poet, and finds that his views on women are ambiguous. Some passages in his work reflect the sexist attitudes of the time; however,... (more)   $98
 
15170. WOMEN IN ISLAM. Argues for the need to view the situation from the perspective of Islamic women rather than from a Western feminist point of view. As such, it can be seen that it is not Islam, but rather traditions... (more)   $49
 
15169. THE INFLUENCE OF ISLAMIC CULTURE ON THE WEST. Argues that Western culture has borrowed more from Islamic culture over the centuries than the other way around. The West has borrowed medical, scientific, mathematical and philosophical ideas; by... (more)   $49
 
15165. WORLDVIEWS: CROSS-CULTURAL EXPLORATIONS OF HUMAN BELIEFS (NINIAN SMART). A review of Smart's book on the six dimensions of religion, and how they can be found to one extent or another in all of the major religions. Smart's book also considers how different worldviews have... (more)   $49
 
15164. REVIEW OF THE MUSLIMS OF AMERICA (EDITED BY YVONNE YAZBECK HADDAD). This collection of essays, with its variety of perspectives, provides a well-rounded treatment of the challenges and opportunities faced by Muslims in America. The essays deal with various aspects of... (more)   $42
 
15131. WILLIAM JAMES' VARIETIES OF RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE: Examines the main religious types and personalities defined by the American psychologist in his classic work on comparative religion. Considers James' own pragmatic and pluralistic philosophy as... (more)   $70
 
15036. RASTAFARIANS, REGGAE MUSIC AND JAMAICAN POLITICS. Covers the history of the Rastafarian movement, the elements of its lifestyle, and its struggle for the rights of the poor and oppressed. Also discusses the influence of reggae in popularizing the... (more)   $77
 
15013. WITCHCRAFT IN EUROPE. This term paper provides an overview and analysis of the development and practice of witchcraft in Europe. Following a definition of witchcraft and witches, the paper discusses the development of... (more)   $63
 
14800. ANTOINETTE AND ROCHESTER IN JEAN RHYS’ WIDE SARGASSO SEA. This paper compares and contrasts the religious and spiritual views of Antoinette and Rochester. Contrasts the Anglican, realistic Rochester with the Jamaican, Catholic, superstitious heroine of the... (more)   $35
 
14046. MAGIC RITUAL IN THREE CULTURES. This term paper examines and compares magical practices and beliefs in three cultures: 1) the Nuer of Sudan, the Dobuans of the South Pacific, and the Afro-Caribbean followers of Vodou. The paper... (more)   $49
 
14008. THE WORLDVIEW OF HINDUISM AS PRESENTED IN THE BHAGAVAD GITA. According to this sacred text, the phenomenal world is an illusion, and the soul reincarnates until it is eventually reunited with Brahman (or “God”). The paper discusses the pathways of karma yoga... (more)   $42
 
13979. PARADOX IN MAHAYANA BUDDHISM. This paper addresses the paradox of the teaching that separate selves are unreal; yet one should strive to eliminate the suffering of others. It is noted that there are inconsistencies in the... (more)   $70
 
13944. HINDU MARRIAGE RITUALS. This paper discusses the various rituals that occur before and during a typical Hindu wedding ceremony. Included are references to the rituals’ religious significance, and how they symbolically join... (more)   $77
 
13832. JUDAISM AND ISLAM ON POLYGAMY. Explores the history and meaning of polygamy in Judaism and Islam, comparing and contrasting its legal and social acceptance in the two faiths. Argues that while polygamy remains more tolerated among... (more)   $105
 
13807. NUMEROLOGY. An overview and explication of the "science" of numerology. Traces the history and development of numerology and its popularity into the modern era. Explains the central tenets of the numerology... (more)   $63
 
13724. THE IRANIAN REVOLUTION AND ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM. Looks at the impact of the Iranian Revolution on Islamic fundamentalist movements around the world, examining the rise of Shia fundamentalism in Iraq, Syria and Lebanon as well as in Sunni-dominated... (more)   $49
 
13598. JATAKA'S (BIRTH STORIES) OF THE BUDDHA. Discusses the stories of the Buddha's previous lives, during which he attained the ten perfections that prepared him for Buddahood. Emphasis is on how the stories relate to Tibetan beliefs. Also... (more)   $77
 
13524. RELIGION AND IDEOLOGY IN CONTEMPORARY CHINA: This paper explores the current state of religion and ideology in contemporary China. The first section looks at the prevalence and significance of "popular" Chinese religious practices and beliefs in... (more)   $70
 
13467. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOTEM POLES AND SHAMANISM. Discusses how the totem poles of the Pacific Northwest Indians were derived from a shamanic worldview, as well as the ways in which shamans were depicted on poles or involved in making them. Also... (more)   $84
 
13440. NORMS OF DRESS IN MOROCCO. Discusses how the various styles of clothing and adornments reflect the cultural heritage of the people. In the course of this discussion, the paper covers Islamic, European and traditional... (more)   $49
 
13396. PREDESTINATION IN ISLAM. Discusses views on destiny contained in the Qur'an, Hadith, and other sources. Notes that there are also views on free will in Islam, but argues in favor of the deterministic view. Also discusses... (more)   $77
 
13383. ISLAMIC METALWARE. Examines the origins, development and techniques of Islamic metalworking, focusing on the Blacas Ewer in the British Museum. Regional schools and styles are compared, and the importance of the inlays,... (more)   $133
 
13215. ALIENATION AND MODERNIZATION IN ARAB SOCIETY: SHE HAS NO PLACE IN PARADISE BY NAWAL EL SAADAWI. This paper explores the theme of alienation in Arab society through a discussion and analysis of Nawal El Saadawi’s (1987) work, "She Has No Place in Paradise." In this novel, Saadawi (1987), an... (more)   $126
 
13067. THE ISLAMIC EMPIRE (632-1258 C.E.). The reigns of the caliphs, reasons for success of early conquests, and the economic, religious and social changes that took place during the time. Also describes the "golden age" of the Abbasid... (more)   $49
 
13056. COOPERATION AND CONFLICT: HINDU AND MUSLIM IN THE INDIAN NATIONALIST MOVEMENT, 1914-1925. Very detailed political history of Hindu-Muslim relations in Indian politics, extending well before the years mentioned in title. Basically, 1916-20 were the high point of Hindu-Muslim cooperation,... (more)   $84
 
12733. MUSLIM WOMEN: THE STRUGGLE FOR ECONOMIC PARTICIPATION. Following an overview of Islamic doctrine on gender and its implications for women's rights, the analysis profiles and investigates women's role in the economic sector of Muslim societies of the... (more)   $133
 
12730. ANCESTOR WORSHIP IN ANCIENT CHINA. Focuses on the Shang and Chou dynasties (c. 1500-221 B.C.) Discusses archaeological evidence, the importance of the family, rituals to keep ancestral spirits appeased, and the role of Confucianism in... (more)   $35
 
12579. ISLAM AND GENDER: STRUGGLES IN THE POST-MODERNIST WORLD. This paper provides a survey overview and analysis of Muslim nations' struggle to deal with the "women question" in a post-modernist world where Islamic ideology and traditionalism confronts economic,... (more)   $84
 
12578. THE ISLAMIC THREAT: MYTH OR REALITY? BY JOHN ESPOSITO. Actually, a summary of a small portion of this book, comparing the "first generation" of Islamic modernists (Al-Afghani, M. Abduh and M. Igbal) who became prominent after the 1880's. with a later... (more)   $63
 
12577. HOMOSEXUALITY: A COMPARISON OF WESTERN AND EASTERN VIEWPOINTS. Whereas the Christian view tends to condemn homosexuality, the Eastern (especially Buddhist) view is more tolerant and accepting. The paper also argues that Western persecution is due to social and... (more)   $70
 
12573. THE ISLAMIC DISCOURSE ON GENDER: VIEWS FROM CONTEMPORARY ARAB FEMINISTS. Drawing upon a representative sample of Arab feminist writers, this paper considers Arab women's views of the contemporary Islamic discourse on gender. The authors selected are all respected scholars... (more)   $112
 
12572. THE STORY OF JOSEPH IN THE OLD TESTAMENT AND THE KORAN. How the two versions of the story reveal similarities and the differences in the Judeo-Christian and Islamic traditions. Argues that the Islamic version is more concerned with predestination than free... (more)   $49
 
12205. HORUS: THE FALCON DEITY. The paper relates the details of the myth of Horus and explains the connections between the myth and ancient Egyptian religious belief. 5 pages, 13 footnotes, 6 bibliographic... (more)   $35
 
12087. ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM IN NORTH AND EAST AFRICA. Analyzes recent conflicts in the region caused by the rise of Islamic movements in Egypt, Algeria, Morocco and Chad, and by the rise of an Islamist government in Sudan. Also discusses warfare among... (more)   $119
 
12086. SUNNI AND SHIITE APPROACHES TO ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM. Discusses how the basic differences between the two sects arose because of a dispute over leadership. Also discusses the various reasons why Sunni Islamists are more moderate in their approach... (more)   $49
 
12085. ISLAMIC DEMOCRACY. This paper examines the proposition that there are several principles or institutions built into the traditions of Islam that provide a basis for an Islamic form of democracy. Considers the ideas of... (more)   $77
 
12076. ROLE OF THE URBAN LOWER MIDDLE CLASS IN THE ISLAMIC MOVEMENTS OF THE MIDDLE EAST. Discusses the two main arguments that explain why the urban lower middle class is the social basis for Islamic movements: the culturalist perspective (behavior is caused by cultural beliefs) and the... (more)   $63
 
12002. THE NATION OF ISLAM. Provides a history of the movement and discusses the contributions of Elijah Muhammad, Malcolm X and Louis Farrakhan. Also considers the controversies surrounding the organization, but concludes that... (more)   $49
 
11978. CHRISTIAN INFLUENCES ON VOODOO. Discusses the syncretic mixing of beliefs caused by the forced conversion of African slaves to Christianity. Includes a discussion of the controversies surrounding voodoo as it is practiced in... (more)   $77
 
11958. ETHNICITY AND RELIGION IN SERBIA AND BOSNIA. This paper provides a sophisticated discussion of the ethnic forces, Islamic, Christian and otherwise, that combined to create the devisive nationalist ideologies that led to war in the former... (more)   $133
 
11953. THE ISLAMIC PHILOSOPHY OF JAMAL AD-DIN AL-AFGHANI. Discusses a variety of interpretations about Afghani's beliefs about Western Philosophy and Islamic religion. 7 pages, 5 footnotes, 1 bibliographic... (more)   $49
 
11913. CONCEPTS OF THE SELF IN ORIENTAL PHILOSOPHY. Compares Hindu, Confucian, Buddhist, and Taoists beliefs about the self. Explores these philosophies from secular, transcendental and religious perspectives. 13 pages, 42 footnotes, 4 bibliographic... (more)   $91
 
11862. ANCIENT EGYPTIAN RELIGION. Explores Egyptian mythology, history, and rites for the dead. Includes comparison with modern Christianity. 10 pages, 17 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources.... (more)   $70
 
11802. ISLAMIC CALLIGRAPHY AT ALHAMBRA AND TOPKAPI SARAI. Examines the principles, methods, and appearance of Islamic calligraphy. Frequent icons in Islamic calligraphy are explored. Includes the history of the building of the Alhambra and Topkapi Sarai... (more)   $84
 
11616. SIGMUND FREUD'S THEORY OF THE ORIGINS OF SACRIFICE. Knowledgeable discussion of Freud's theories of the ideal origins of sacrifice as a central rite in religion, based on Freud's reliance on anthropologist Robertson-Smith, and later writers Henninger,... (more)   $112
 
11451. ISLAMIC CALLIGRAPHY. Exhaustive survey of Islamic calligraphy, both as an art form, and as a religious devotion. Covers pre-Islamic status of Arabic writing, association of writing with the Qur'an, various cultural... (more)   $133
 
11237. ISLAM IN CHINA. History of Islam in central Asia, Sinkiang Province, and other parts of China. Begins with the arrival of Islam in China in the middle ages and its spread to various ethnic groups in Central Asia and... (more)   $133
 
11233. SABRES OF PARADISE BY LESLEY BLANCH. Critical analysis of biography of Iman Shamyl, 19th c. Islamic Caucasian leader of the fight against the expansion of the Russian Empire into Central Asia. 15 pages, 21 footnotes, 1 bibliographic... (more)   $105
 
11163. ISLAMIC ARCHITECTURE IN CAIRO (641 THROUGH MIDDLE AGES). From the founding of the city by Arab invaders up to the Ottoman Empire. History of the four cities that were the basis for modern Cairo and of public architecture built by the foreign conquerors... (more)   $133
 
11153. THE TRICKSTER IN NATIVE AMERICAN MYTHOLOGY. Examines the origins, core myth, and numerous variants of the Trickster in the myths, tales and religion of Native American peoples. Stories of Coyote, Raven, Hare, First Man and other versions of... (more)   $133
 
11152. PEYOTE IN NATIVE AMERICAN RELIGION. Examines the origins, history and rituals of the peyote cult, distinguishing between the ancient peyote practices of the Mexican Indians and the modern-day revival of peyotism among the indigenous... (more)   $133
 
11151. ISLAMIC ART. Historical development and religious function of decoration (arabesque) in the art of Islamic cultures. Gives specific examples (in architectural decoration of the evolution of abstract arabesques... (more)   $105
 
11097. SHI'ISM AND IRANIAN NATIONALISM. Examines the origins and political ambitions of Shi'ism from the seventh century to the time of the 1979 revolution. Iranian nationalism's roots in the ancient Persian empire, and the more universal... (more)   $133
 
11089. THE FALL OF SATAN IN THE KORAN. Discusses the episode in which Satan is sent from paradise by Allah; Satan's role in leading human beings into temptation and the punishments of hell is analyzed. 6 pages, 6 footnotes, 1... (more)   $42
 
11053. THE RIGHTS OF ISLAMIC WOMEN TO DIVORCE. Quotes relevant passages from Qur'an and compares the contemporary interpretations in Hanafi and Maliki law. Discusses origin of differences and offers examples of laws in practice. 5 pages, 13... (more)   $35
 
10620. THEOLOGY AND MYTHOLOGY IN JOSEPH CAMBELL'S THE MASKS OF GOD. Looks at Cambell's attempt to create a natural history of mythology, contrasting his approach with the traditional theology of orthodox religion. Cambell's historical treatment of myth's as universal... (more)   $91
 
10618. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE BUDDHIST DOCTRINE OF REBIRTH AND OTHER BUDDHIST PRINCIPLES IN THE PATH TO BLISS BY THE DALAI LAMA. A review of the book by the Dalai Lama. He discusses ways to achieve a good life and favorable future existence, including altruism, accepting the doctrine of karma, realizing one's potential, and... (more)   $42
 
10607. THE MAIMED FISHER KING IN JOSEPHS CAMPBELL'S CREATIVE MYTHOLOGY. Looks at the Grail legend story of the wounded Fisher King in terms of Hindu, Christian, and medieval mythology. 8 pages, 9 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source.... (more)   $56
 
10598. BUDDHIST AND CHRISTIAN VIEWS ON EGOCENTRISM. Compares and contrasts the reasons these religions find egocentrism negative and outlines the solutions offered by Thomas Merton and the Dalai Lama. 5 pages, 9 footnotes, 3 bibliographic sources.... (more)   $35
 
10581. THE GOVERNMENT OF GOD: THE EVOLUTION OF THE IRANIAN REVOLUTION. An extensive paper that includes the conditions in Iran prior to the revolution, the nature of the revolution itself, and the Ayatollah Khomeini and the Islamic republic. 35 pages, 41 footnotes, 14... (more)   $133
 
10562. THEOSOPHICAL SUFISM. A radical branch of Islam that focuses on the doctrine of illumination. Ibn 'Arabi's work is discussed and its heretical, mainstream, and Gnostic components are analyzed. 5 pages, 10 footnotes, 2... (more)   $35
 
10561. SYMBOLS AND METAPHORS OF THE SPIRITUAL QUEST IN ISLAM. The spiritual question in Islam is seen as a search for knowledge of, or unity with, the divine. This paper focuses on the gnostic strand Sufism, with its emphasis on lyrical poetry and symbolism as... (more)   $70
 
10545. A REVIEW OF ARTHUR F. WRIGHT'S "BUDDHISM IN CHINESE HISTORY". Well-written paper covering Wright's views on the origin of Buddhism in China, the evolution of a uniquely Chinese Buddhism, and the lasting imprint of Buddhism on Chinese culture. 9 pages, 26... (more)   $63
 
10534. AFRICAN TRADITIONAL RELIGION BY GEOFFREY PARRINDER. Review of a general survey of the main elements of African religion. Gods, rituals, and beliefs of major African tribes are compared. 5 pages, 9 footnotes, 1 bibliographic source.... (more)   $35
 
10532. PURIFICATION IN SHINTO. The mythical and symbolic significance of purification rituals in Shinto religion are described; the legend of Iza Nagi's cleansing, and its influence on temple ablutions in modern Shinto and modern... (more)   $49
 
10520. ISLAMIC WOMEN IN SENEGAL. Provides an overview and assessment of women's social, cultural and economic status in Muslim Senegal. Concludes that despite progress in educational and economic realms, Senegalese women remain... (more)   $70
 
10473. A REVIEW OF "THE ROAD TO MECCA" BY MUHAMMAD ASAD. Summary and review of this autobiography which tells the story of a European's conversion to Islam and his integration into Muslim life. Includes a discussion of Islamic themes found in the book. 6... (more)   $42
 
10464. "THE ROAD TO MECCA" BY MUHAMMAD ASAD. A European discovers Islam and relates his experiences. The paper suggests Asad also wishes to correct misinformed and biased Western accounts of Islam. Asad is seen to emphasize the integration of... (more)   $42
 
10454. TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE OF THE COPPER AGE: THE TEMPLES OF MALTA. Considers the history of temple building in the Copper Age, the type of construction used, the purposes of the construction, and the reasons the construction came to an end. Some speculation... (more)   $70
 
10439. NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN PEYOTE RELIGION. A discussion of the origin of the peyote ritual, its meaning to Native American practitioners, its larger cultural significance, and its legal status. 7 pages, 27 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources.... (more)   $49
 
10373. SALVATION IN BUDDHISM AND HINDUISM. The differing doctrines of enlightenment and salvation in the two great Indian religions are compared. Buddhism is viewed as a monistic refinement of Hindu beliefs. 9 pages, 8 footnotes, 7... (more)   $63
 
10372. ISLAM AND POLITICS. A study of the "Islamic resurgence" in the Middle East, its connection with Arab politics, its influence on Arab-Western relations, and its effect on Western perceptions of Islamic peoples. Traces... (more)   $133
 
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